This tutorial focuses on creating vectors and matrices with the NumPy package.

Import the library:

import numpy as np

Creating a row vector and a column vector:

vector_row = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print("Vector Row:", vector_row)

vector_column = np.array([[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]])
print("Vector Column:\\n", vector_column)

Output:

Vector Row: [1 2 3 4 5]
Vector Column:
 [[1]
 [2]
 [3]
 [4]
 [5]]

Matrix is a two-dimensional array data structure constructed as a rectangular table-like shape with rows and columns. The elements in the matrix are often called entries.

Various forms of matrix can be created using NumPy.

• Create a matrix using np.array()

# Create matrix with np.array
matrix = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
print("Matrix:\\n", matrix)

Output:

Matrix:
 [[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]
 [7 8 9]]

If the 2D array is not at the same size, an ERROR will raise:

matrix = np.array([[1, 2], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
print("Matrix:\\n", matrix)